Frisby, C., Manchaiah, V., & Swanepoel, D.W.
Disability and Rehabilitation, In Press.
Publication year: 2026

Introduction: Community-based models of adult hearing rehabilitation are increasingly used to expand access to hearing care; however, outcome measurement practices in these models have not been systematically mapped. This scoping review aimed to characterise the range, nature, and timing of outcome measures reported in community-based adult hearing rehabilitation studies.

Methods: Four databases were searched to identify studies published until 29 September 2025. Findings were synthesised narratively.

Results: 16 studies were included. Most (56.3%; n=9) were conducted in high-income countries, with fewer in upper- and lower-middle-income countries (37.5%; n=6) and none in low-income countries. Outcome measurement varied widely across domains, tools, and follow-up timing. Hearing and hearing aid–related outcomes, including perceived benefit or satisfaction (62.5%; n=10), hearing disability (50%; n=8), and device use (31.3%; n=5), were most commonly assessed. Psychosocial outcomes were inconsistently included, while participation and well-being outcomes were rarely measured. Although standardised tools were frequently used, no measure was applied consistently across studies, and most assessments were short-term (68.8%; n=11), with limited follow-up beyond 12 months (12.5%; n=2).

Conclusion: Outcome measurement remains highly variable and predominantly impairment- and device-focused, limiting evidence synthesis and the ability to inform equitable, scalable community-based hearing rehabilitation.